The various published "per-minute" rates for calls to UK landline numbers, non-geographic 03 numbers and UK mobile numbers should be utterly irrelevant for most callers. The normal way we pay for calls to these numbers is through purchasing an inclusive calls allowance covering all such calls made. This applies on landlines and on mobiles, including on pay-as-you-go.
The only time that the "per-minute" rates become relevant is when the caller exceeds the limit of their inclusive allowance, such as when making a call from a landline that exceeds 60 minutes in duration or making a call from a mobile after having already used up all of the allowance allocated for that month.
The 55p per minute figure is what Vodafone charges their mobile contract customers if they exceed their inclusive allowance. This charge is incurred in exceptional circumstances, and is avoidable by increasing the monthly payment by a few pounds for a larger allowance in future months.
More work needs to be done to make sure that people are selecting the correct call plan to suit their needs.
My main concern in all the current wrangling is that it may be damaging the reputation of the 03 number range. It has taken a decade to convince people that 03 numbers are normal numbers, cheap to call - the same as calling ordinary landline numbers. Seeing headlines incorrectly inferring these numbers are premium rate is very worrying.
Yes, the GOV.UK call charges table is terrible. It fails to adequately explain the role of inclusive calls or which number ranges are normally included and many of the figures are incorrect. This chart seems to be correct, up-to-date, and far more clear - especially in explaining the role of inclusive calls:
http://archive.is/r25zfFinally, the inherent problem with any price cap is that the market reacts by almost all providers pricing at or just below the cap.